As the holiday season approaches, so does the annual flu season, a time when influenza viruses spread widely. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, February historically marks the peak of flu activity, but cases can begin rising as early as October. To reduce the risk of contracting the flu, Dr. Matthew Heller, an associate professor of family medicine at New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, strongly recommends getting a flu shot. He notes that anyone over the age of six months should be vaccinated annually, though individuals should consult their physician about potential exceptions.
The flu vaccine works by stimulating the body to develop antibodies that provide protection against the virus. Even in seasons when the vaccine is less effective due to viral mutations, it still reduces the severity of symptoms and prevents complications, hospitalizations, and deaths. Importantly, the vaccine cannot cause the flu itself, as it is made from inactivated or weakened viruses. Heller emphasizes that it takes about two weeks for the body to build full protection after vaccination, so early vaccination is crucial.
Flu symptoms typically include fever, chills, body aches, cough, headache, and fatigue. People may become contagious a few days before symptoms appear and can spread the virus to others. While most healthy individuals can recover at home with rest and fluids, those in high-risk groups—such as adults over 65, young children, pregnant women, and people with chronic conditions—should contact a physician if they suspect they have the flu.
Beyond vaccination, Heller advises frequent hand washing, using hand sanitizer, cleaning high-traffic surfaces, avoiding touching the face, and covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue or elbow. These measures help prevent the spread of the virus. As Heller puts it, "The flu spreads easily from person to person. Remember that getting the flu vaccine will not only protect you but will also protect all those around you. By setting the example, others will follow."
For more information on flu prevention and other health topics, visit nyit.edu.
